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Using a VPN is a terrific way to protect your internet traffic when you are traveling, but it is not a solution for encrypting your regional files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shooter's iPhone, they asked Apple to get a back door to get past the encryption. But no such back door existed, and Apple refused to make one. The FBI had to hire hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Because the moment a back door or comparable hack is different, it will become a goal, a prize for the poor guys. It'll flow sooner or later. In a talk at Black Hat last summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic revealed that the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update thembut the bad guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, if you wanted to keep a document key you could use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you could lock it up in a safe. The two main methods in encryption utilities parallel those options.
One type of product simply procedures files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of themselves. The other creates a virtual disk drive that, when open, behaves like any other drive on your system. When you lock the digital drive, each the files you put into it are entirely inaccessible. .
Like the virtual drive solution, a few products store your encrypted data in the cloud. This approach demands extreme care, obviously. Encrypted data in the cloud has a far bigger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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Which is better It really depends on how you plan to use encryption. If you're not sure, take advantage of the 30-day free trial offered by each of those products to have a sense of the different options.
After you copy a document into protected storage, or make an encrypted version of it, then you definitely need to wipe out the unencrypted original. Just deleting it isn't sufficient, even in the event that you skip the Recycle Bin, since the information still exists on disc, and data retrieval utilities can often return back. .
Some encryption products avoid this problem by encrypting the file in place, literally overwriting it on disc using an encrypted version. It is more common, though, to offer safe deletion as an option. If you choose a product that lacks this feature, you should find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting data see it here before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based retrieval tools. Hardware-based forensic retrieval works since the magnetic recording of data on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It's more of a waveform. In simple terms, the procedure involves nulling out the known information and reading around the borders of what's left.
An encryption algorithm is similar to a black box. Dump a document, picture, or other file into it, and you get back what sounds like gibberish. Run that gibberish back via the box, using the same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has settled on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and every one the products gathered here service AES. Even those that support other algorithms tend to recommend using AES.
If you are an encryption specialist, you may want another algorithm, Blowfish, possibly, or the Soviet government's GOST. For the average consumer, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you have to keep them secret, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you receive two keys. One is public; you can share it with anyone, register it in a key exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you like. Another is personal, and should be closely guarded. If I want to send you a secret document, I just encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this system in reverse, you can make an electronic signature which shows that your document came from you and hasn't been modified. How Just encrypt it with your private key. The simple fact that your public key decrypts it's all of the evidence you need. PKI service is less common than service for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to share a file with someone and your encryption application doesn't support PKI, there are other options for sharing. Many products allow creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You may also find that the recipient can use a free, decryption-only tool.